The Medical Opinion Marketplace

Daniel Primm, M.D., is a physician specializing in sports medicine with an emphasis on neuromusculoskeletal medicine, and he is part of UK HealthCare within Orthopaedic Surgery & Sports Medicine. His clinical interests include general orthopaedics and orthopaedic surgery, with particular focus on the evaluation and treatment of orthopaedic trauma. Dr. Primm is committed to helping patients restore function, manage pain, and return safely to work, daily activities, and athletic participation through individualized, evidence-based care. Dr. Primm earned his medical degree from the Medical College of Georgia in Augusta and completed residency training at the University of Kentucky. He is board certified by the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery. In addition to his clinical role, Dr. Primm serves as an Associate Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, contributing to the education and training of future physicians and advancing patient care through academic leadership. He values clear communication and shared decision-making, partnering with patients to develop treatment plans that align with their goals and optimize recovery.

Raleigh O. Jones Jr., MD, MBA, FACS, is an otolaryngology (ENT) physician with additional focus in head and neck surgery. He serves as Chair of the Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery at UK HealthCare and the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, where he is also a Professor. Dr. Jones earned his medical degree from the University of Kentucky College of Medicine. He completed residency training at the University of Kentucky and at University of North Carolina Hospitals in Chapel Hill, and pursued fellowship training at the Ear Research Foundation in Sarasota, Florida. He is board certified by the American Board of Otolaryngology. Clinically, Dr. Jones provides comprehensive ENT care and is associated with UK HealthCare’s Cochlear Implant Program, reflecting a commitment to advanced hearing restoration options and multidisciplinary patient care. In addition to his work in Lexington, he also sees patients through UK HealthCare’s ENT & Facial Plastic Surgery Clinic in Morehead. As an academic physician and department leader, he contributes to the education of trainees and participates in scholarly work through faculty publications in otolaryngology and head and neck surgery.

Steve Kraman, MD, is an internal medicine physician with clinical expertise in pulmonary, critical care, and sleep medicine. He is a Professor of Medicine in the Department of Internal Medicine at the University of Kentucky College of Medicine and is part of UK HealthCare’s pulmonary and critical care team. Dr. Kraman earned his medical degree from the University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine and completed an internal medicine residency at Brookdale Hospital in Brooklyn, New York. He pursued fellowship training in pulmonary medicine at Queens Hospital Center in Jamaica, New York, and at Brookdale Hospital. Board certified by the American Board of Internal Medicine in Internal Medicine and Pulmonary Disease, Dr. Kraman is also a Fellow of the American College of Chest Physicians. His career includes extensive academic and administrative leadership, including service as Vice Chairman within the Department of Internal Medicine, Associate Chief within the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, and medical director of the pulmonary clinic at the Kentucky Clinic. He has also held senior leadership roles within the Veterans Affairs health system and served as Associate Dean for VA Affairs. Dr. Kraman’s scholarly interests include respiratory acoustics and the clinical interpretation of lung sounds.

Joseph L. Bobadilla, MD, is a vascular surgeon at the University of Kentucky, where he serves as an Associate Professor of Surgery and is affiliated with the Gill Heart & Vascular Institute. He earned his medical degree from the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health and completed general surgery residency training followed by vascular surgery fellowship training at the University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics. He also completed additional research training focused on vascular-mediated immunobiology after transplantation and earned a capstone degree in human clinical trials design and development. Dr. Bobadilla is board certified in Vascular Surgery by the American Board of Surgery and is a Fellow of the American College of Surgeons. His clinical interests include open and endovascular aneurysm repair, including complex aortic surgery, with a particular focus on strategies to prevent paraplegia and spinal ischemia related to complex aortic procedures. He also treats carotid artery disease using surgical and stent-based approaches and provides care for patients with venous disease. In addition to his clinical work, Dr. Bobadilla contributes to scholarly activity with peer-reviewed publications, reflecting ongoing engagement in research and quality improvement.

Peter S. Akpunonu, MD, FAAEM, FACEP, FACMT, is an Emergency Medicine physician and medical toxicologist at the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, where he serves as an Associate Professor in Emergency Medicine & Medical Toxicology. Dr. Akpunonu provides expertise in the evaluation and management of acute medical emergencies, including toxicologic and poisoning-related conditions, and supports system-level readiness for high-acuity events. In addition to his clinical and academic roles, Dr. Akpunonu holds several leadership positions, including Director of Medical Toxicology, Director of Undersea and Hyperbaric Medicine, and Director of the Radiation Injury Treatment Network (RITN) at the University of Kentucky. He also serves as Medical Director of the Kentucky Poison Control Center. Dr. Akpunonu earned his medical degree from the University of Toledo College of Medicine and completed his Emergency Medicine residency at the University of Kansas Hospital. He pursued subspecialty fellowship training in Medical Toxicology at Oregon Health & Science University. He is board certified by the American Board of Emergency Medicine in both Emergency Medicine and Medical Toxicology and is additionally certified as a Medical Review Officer.

Scott A. Riley, MD, is a pediatric orthopaedic surgeon specializing in hand and upper extremity surgery, with particular expertise in pediatric hand and upper extremity disorders. He practices with UK HealthCare and provides care at Shriners Children’s Lexington, where he serves as director of the hand and upper extremity service. Dr. Riley is a Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery at the University of Kentucky College of Medicine and is recognized for his commitment to teaching, including receipt of the University of Kentucky’s Thomas Brower, M.D., Orthopaedic Excellence in Teaching Award. Dr. Riley completed his undergraduate education at Case Western Reserve University, graduating magna cum laude, and earned his medical degree from Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine. He then completed an orthopaedic surgery residency at St. Luke’s Hospital in Cleveland, followed by fellowship training in hand surgery at MetroHealth Medical Center and Case Western Reserve–affiliated hospitals. Board certified by the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dr. Riley also holds a Certificate of Added Qualifications in Hand Surgery. His research interests include upper-extremity cerebral palsy and brachial plexus birth palsy. He is active in professional societies including the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and the American Society for Surgery of the Hand.

Donald Crowe, PhD, is a licensed clinical psychologist in Kentucky who provides psychotherapy for adolescents, adults, and older adults. He takes a solution-focused approach, working collaboratively with clients to clarify goals, build practical skills, and support meaningful progress without assuming therapy must continue indefinitely. Dr. Crowe has a particular focus on chronic pain, with a longstanding professional interest that grew from early work in rehabilitation settings. He also treats depression and trauma-related concerns, including PTSD, and commonly helps individuals manage anxiety and panic symptoms, navigate crisis points and major life transitions, and process grief and loss. In addition to individual therapy, Dr. Crowe addresses relationship concerns and offers support for couples when appropriate. He is LGBTQ+ allied and strives to provide a respectful, affirming environment tailored to each person’s needs and circumstances. Dr. Crowe attended the University of Kentucky and earned his doctoral degree in psychology. His practice includes flexible payment options such as sliding-scale fees for eligible clients, and he accepts a range of payment methods and multiple insurance plans, including Medicare and TRICARE.

Matthew Tutt, MD, is a board-certified neurological surgeon who provides comprehensive consultation and surgical care for disorders of the brain, spine, and peripheral nerves. His clinical practice includes the treatment of primary and metastatic brain tumors, vascular lesions, pituitary tumors, Chiari malformations, and intractable epilepsy, as well as spinal tumors, degenerative and deformity spine disease, and compressive neuropathies. Dr. Tutt’s professional interests include minimally invasive spine procedures, revision spine surgery, neurosurgical oncology, and stereotactic radiosurgery. He is committed to tailoring treatment plans to each patient’s goals and condition, with an emphasis on thoughtful evaluation, clear communication, and evidence-based surgical decision-making. Dr. Tutt earned his medical degree at Emory University and completed neurosurgery residency training at the University of Kentucky. He has also served in an academic role as a voluntary assistant professor in neurosurgery at the University of Kentucky College of Medicine. His scholarly work includes co-authoring research on the management of hemodynamic complications following spinal cord injury.

Brandon E. Gish, MD, is a physician specializing in Pain Medicine (Anesthesiology). He is board-certified in Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine by the American Board of Anesthesiology. Dr. Gish provides interventional pain management with a multimodal, function-focused approach, tailoring care to help patients reduce pain, restore mobility, and return to meaningful activities. His procedural expertise includes image-guided injections and advanced neuromodulation options such as spinal cord stimulation and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) stimulation, as well as peripheral nerve stimulation. He also offers multifidus stimulation (Reactiv8) and minimally invasive spine procedures including minimally invasive lumbar decompression (mild) and basivertebral nerve ablation (Intracept) when appropriate. Dr. Gish completed his medical degree at the University of Kentucky College of Medicine after earning his undergraduate degree from Centre College. He completed residency training in anesthesiology at the University of Kentucky and pursued fellowship training in interventional pain at Vanderbilt University. He is affiliated with Baptist Health Lexington. Dr. Gish has also contributed to the medical literature as a co-author on a peer-reviewed article addressing perioperative considerations for patients with spinal cord stimulators. Additionally, he is Titleist Performance Institute (TPI) Certified and works with golfers experiencing back pain to improve function and performance.

M. Jason Zimmerman, MD, MSPH, FACC, is a cardiovascular disease physician with Lexington Clinic. He provides comprehensive general cardiology care and has advanced training in interventional cardiology. Dr. Zimmerman completed his medical degree at the University of Louisville School of Medicine, followed by an internal medicine residency at the University of Louisville. He then pursued fellowship training in cardiology and interventional cardiology at the University of Cincinnati. In clinical practice, Dr. Zimmerman evaluates and treats a broad range of cardiovascular conditions and emphasizes evidence-based, patient-centered care. His diagnostic and procedural services include cardiac stress testing, nuclear cardiology studies, transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), and vascular ultrasound, allowing for detailed assessment of cardiac structure, function, and blood flow. Dr. Zimmerman is board certified in cardiovascular disease and is a Fellow of the American College of Cardiology (FACC). He is affiliated with Saint Joseph East and Saint Joseph Hospital, supporting coordinated care across outpatient and hospital settings. He is licensed to practice in Kentucky and Ohio.